Estudo do Exército dos EUA sobre discos voadores e OVNI

[PAGE 1] Authority: [remainder not extractable — image-only] [PAGES 2-7] [No extractable text — image-only pages] [PAGE 2] [Folder cover sheet] [handwritten, top right: "6175"] 1949 SECRET [stamp, crossed out] DO NOT REMOVE PAPERS FROM THIS FILE Return to Records & Message Branch Prior to the time user leaves for the day DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY General Staff United States Army Plans & Operations Division Records & Message Branch SECRET [stamp, crossed out] [bottom-left stamps: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 2"] [PAGE 3] COVER SHEET COMBINED ROUTING-INFORMATION-FILING FORM PLANS & OPERATIONS DIVISION, GSUSA [handwritten: "Incl 1 SK"] [stamp, crossed out: "CONFIDENTIAL"] Decimal Classification: P&O 350.05 (24 Feb 49) X 020 ID X 360 X 471.94 Suspense Date: Subject: Evaluation Study of Phenomenon Date 24 Feb 49 Origin: [struck through: "Executive Br,"] P&O to (Flying Saucers) ID Digest: [blank] Action: Cmt #1 to D/ID Reply required by: None Executive Branch TO: [ ] Control [ ] European & Middle East [ ] Far East & Pacific [ ] Latin American [ ] North American [ ] Strategic Plans [ ] Policy [ ] (Operations / Plans & Policy brackets) [ ] Personnel [ ] Records [ ] Implementing [ ] Registered Documents [ ] Asst Executive, P&O Comments: Recommend Approval: [ ] Branch Chief Date____ [ ] Group Chief Date____ Concur: [ ] Executive, P&O [handwritten: "File"] [ ] Deputy Director, AE [handwritten: "PB"] [ ] Deputy Director, P&O [ ] Director, P&O Action by Lt Col Peisinger Signed [signature] Date 24 Feb 49 25 FEB 1949 [x] Dispatch [ ] File CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 3"] [PAGE 4] Executive Br, P&O Lt Col Peisinger/2944/eb 24 Feb 49 MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD: 1. Conversations with the Chief of North Am Br and Office, Deputy Dir P&O (AE) reveal that P&O has not received any evaluation of the flying saucer type of phenomenon. North Am Br feels that P&O, and themselves in particular, have a direct interest in this phenomenon because, until it is properly evaluated, a possibility exists that this phenomenon may have foreign implication. 2. Col Ligon, Intelligence Group, ID, suggests that this Division request ID to make a study on this whole subject insofar as it pertains to continental U.S. ID will properly coordinate their efforts with the AF in this matter. 3. ACTION: Comment No. 1 to ID requesting evaluation study of phenomenon. 4. COORDINATION: ID - Lt Col Ligon, Ext 5509 DD P&O (AE) - Lt Col Dawley, Ext 75303 Exec, P&O - Col Guthrie, Ext 3465 Ch, North Am Br - Col Goodell, Ext 3852 PID - Lt Col [name struck through, illegible], Ext 74341 [initialed, illegible] PID informed. [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 4"] [PAGE 5] [stamp, crossed out: "CONFIDENTIAL"] P&O 350.05 (24 Feb 49) Evaluation Study of Phenomenon D/ID, GSUSA D/P&O, GSUSA 24 Feb 49 Lt Col Peisinger/2944 1. Reference is made to the following radios: a. CM IN 321, 2 Feb 49, from CO, Kirtland AFB, N. M., to Chief of Staff, USAF, No. OSI-1-9C, 31 Jan 49; b. CM IN 1714, 8 Feb 49, from CO, AMC, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, to CO, Flight Service, No. AT-542, 7 Feb 49; c. CM IN 4712, 19 Feb 49, from CO, Kirtland AFB, N. M., to Chief of Staff, USAF. 2. Request that an evaluation study be made of the phenomenon referred to above insofar as it concerns continental United States and that a copy of the study be furnished to this Division. FOR THE DIRECTOR OF PLANS AND OPERATIONS: /s/ C.E. Powell for JOHN S. GUTHRIE, Colonel, GSC Executive, P&O [rubber stamp, printed in reverse/mirror-image: "DISPATCHED ... 1949" and "VSCAS ... DISPATCHED"] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] [bottom-right: "COPY FOR P&O FILE"] [handwritten "21"] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 5"] [PAGE 6] DISPATCHED P. & O. GSUSA [handwritten: "hand del?"] 1949 FEB 25 OG 55 [Faint mirrored impression of text bleeding through from the reverse side of the sheet — not content printed on this page; illegible.] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 6"] [PAGE 7] [handwritten, top left: illegible initials] COVER SHEET COMBINED ROUTING-INFORMATION-FILING FORM PLANS & OPERATIONS DIVISION, GSUSA [stamp, crossed out: "CONFIDENTIAL"] b.jw 3-9/319 Decimal Classification: THIS COPY OF COVER SHEET P&O 350.05 (24 Feb 49) FW 24 Feb 49 WILL BE REMOVED ONLY BY x 350.05 # 21 THE RECORDS BRANCH Suspense Date: 1200, 17 Mar 49 [handwritten: "15 Apr"] Subject: Evaluation Study of Phenomenon Date: 24 Feb 49 Origin: P&O to ID (Flying Saucers) Digest: ID Cmt No. 2, dtd 7 Mar 49, attaches Evaluation Study. Action: Circulate as indicated, then file in P&O Reply required by: None Executive Branch: To: [ ] Control [ ] European & Middle East [ ] Far East & Pacific [ ] Latin American [2] North American [handwritten initials] [ ] Joint War Plans [ ] Army War Plans [ ] Policy Planning [ ] Advanced Study [checked] Operations [checked] Plans [checked] International [ ] Personnel [5] Records [ ] Implementing [ ] Asst Executive, P&O [x] Executive Br Comments: Recommend Approval: [ ] Branch Chief Date____ [ ] Group Chief Date____ Concur: [ ] Executive, P&O [handwritten: "has seen P"] [ ] Deputy Director, AE [handwritten: "File / PB"] [ ] Deputy Director, P&O [ ] Director, P&O Action by Lt Col Peisinger Signed [signature] Date 22 Ma[r] [stamp: "CONFIDENTIAL" crossed out] OCS FORM 113 REV 1 JAN 1949 [ ] Dispatch [X] File [handwritten signature] 23 MAR 1949 49-2706 [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 7"] [PAGE 8] OUTGOING DISPATCH. Executive Branch, P&O. Lt Col Peisinger. 22 March 1949. [Subject: evaluation study] was prepared at request of P&O to determine if various reports on this subject stemmed from natural phenomena or if the origin could be traced definitely to the activities of a foreign power. 2. ID is to keep P&O informed if future developments in this field are at variance with the evaluation placed on this study. 3. PIO has been informed. 4. ACTION: Circulate as indicated, then file in P&O. 5. COORDINATION: D, P&O(A), Lt Col Dawley, Ext 75303; NA Branch, Col Goodell, Ext 3852; PID, Lt Col Ryan, Ext 72966. [PAGES 9-11] [No extractable text — image-only pages] [PAGE 9] DISPOSITION FORM SECURITY CLASSIFICATION (if any) CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] [handwritten: "1-D-11"] [illegible, "concur eng"] FILE No. SUBJECT P&O 350.05 (24 Feb 49) Evaluation Study of Phenomenon TO D/ID, GSUSA FROM D/P&O, GSUSA DATE 24 Feb 49 COMMENT No. 1 Lt Col Peisinger/2944 1. Reference is made to the following radios: a. CM IN 321, 2 Feb 49, from CO, Kirtland AFB, N. M., to Chief of Staff, USAF, No. OSI-1-9C, 31 Jan 49; b. CM IN 1714, 8 Feb 49, from CO, AMC, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, to CO, Flight Service, No. AT-542, 7 Feb 49; c. CM IN 4712, 19 Feb 49, from CO, Kirtland AFB, N. M., to Chief of Staff, USAF. 2. Request that an evaluation study be made of the phenomenon referred to above insofar as it concerns continental United States and that a copy of the study be furnished to this Division. FOR THE DIRECTOR OF PLANS AND OPERATIONS: /s/ C.E. Powell for JOHN S. GUTHRIE, Colonel, GSC Executive, P&O CSGID ID-42 452.1 TO CSGPO FROM CSGID DATE 7 MAR 1949 COMMENT NO. 2 Mr B.M. Stites/8196/dsd Attached hereto is the Evaluation Study requested in your paragraph 2. FOR THE CHIEF, INTELLIGENCE GROUP: /s/ James E. Ligon JAMES E. LIGON Lt. Col., GSC Asst. Exec. Int. Gp., CSGID 1 Incl Eval. Stdy of Phenomenon CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] P&O File Copy DA AGO FORM 897 Replaces WD AGO Form 897, 1 May 46, which may be used. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1947 O-760346 1 OCT 47 [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 9"] [PAGE 10] 9 MAR 49 AM [circular date stamp: "IN 3-9/319 / P&O GSUSA"] [round seal stamp, partly legible: "...Hq Gen Staff / P&O GSUSA / Records & Message Branch"] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out, top right] [Rest of page blank except a faint illegible impression and a large "4" watermark/stamp at bottom left] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out, bottom right] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 10"] [PAGE 11] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] Evaluation Study of Phenomenon Detailed investigations of all incidents reported to involve unusual flying objects during the period June 1945 to date have been conducted by a special project group of Headquarters, Air Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The continuing efforts of this project are directed toward establishing the identity of each unusual object reported. Single or seemingly related in- cidents which appear to involve objects that might represent some unusual man-made device or activity are fully explored by both the AMC project personnel and other specialists, such as those of the RAND Corporation (formerly Project RAND). Of some 210 incidents, approximately twenty (20) per cent have been explained. The majority of these involved misidentification of synoptic weather balloons. Others involved observations of airborne cosmic ray research equipment, bolides, meteors, and in one instance, the daylight observation of the planet Venus. Only two reported in- cidents were determined to have been hoax. To date there has been no tangible evidence which would support a theory that any incidents are attributable to activity of a foreign nation. There are no highly secret experimental Projects of the U.S. Government that could be responsible. The possibility of foreign devices would represent achievements which defy many well defined limits in aeronautical science. The Air Materiel Command of the USAF is continuing investigations of each unexplained incident. In addition, they are utilizing the consulting services of a number of agencies and specialists. Results are reviewed on a continuing basis and are used in formulating prob- able explanations for sightings that still lack positive identification. The ID feels that if complete data were available the remaining 80% of the reported sightings could be eliminated as due to natural meteorological phenomena or domestic weather balloons and the like. The larger number of actual reports of unidentified objects is thought to be primarily due to the publicity given "flying saucers" in the public print and in some official circles. [handwritten, bottom right: "21"] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] P&O File Copy [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 11"] [PAGE 12] N-FILING FORM, GSUSA. Decimal Classification: P&O 350.05 (5 Apr 49). Subject: Evaluation Study of Phenomenon (Flying Saucers). Date: 5 Apr 49. Action: Cmt #1 to D/ID. Reply required by: None. Executive Branch. To: Control, European, Middle East, Far East, Pacific Operations, Latin American, North American, Joint War Plans, Army War Plans, Plans, Policy Planning, Advanced Study, Personnel Records, Implementing Asst Executive, P&O Executive Br. Comments: Recommend Approval. Branch Chief. Group Chief Concur: Deputy Director, P&O; Director, P&O. Signed. OCS REV 1 JAN 1949. [PAGE 13] Executive Br, P&O. Lt Col Peisinger/2944/eb. 5 April 1949. MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD: 1. ID had submitted, at P&O's request, a study of the flying saucer phenomenon. This study intimated that of all cases investigated there was no foreign nation implication in these flying saucers. 2. Mr. Stites, ID, said that they would be glad to take action on this, at the request of P&O. 3. ACTION: Comment #1 to D/ID requesting they verify accuracy of Mr. Winchell's statement of 3 Apr 49 re flying saucers. 4. COORDINATION: ID — Mr. Stites, Ext 6196. [PAGE 14] [handwritten, top left: illegible initials] COVER SHEET [stamp, crossed out: "CONFIDENTIAL"] COMBINED ROUTING-INFORMATION-FILING FORM PLANS & OPERATIONS DIVISION, GSUSA 4-19/638 Decimal Classification: P&O 350.05 (5 Apr 49) F/W 21/3 THIS COPY OF COVER SHEET X 020 ID 5 Apr 49 WILL BE REMOVED ONLY BY X 350.05 THE RECORDS BRANCH X 000.92 Suspense Date: 1200, 26 Apr 49 Subject: Evaluation Study of Phenomenon Date: 5 Apr 49 Origin: P&O to ID (Flying Saucers) Digest: ID cmt 2, 18 Apr 49, advises that any change in the evaluation contained in inclosure 1 re subj will be promptly transmitted to P&O Action: Circulate as indicated, then file in P&O. Reply required by: None Executive Branch: To: [ ] Control [ ] European & Middle East [checked "1"] Far East & Pacific [ ] Latin American [ ] North American [ ] Joint War Plans [checked "2"] Army War Plans [ ] Policy Planning [ ] Advanced Study [checked "3"] International [ ] Personnel [ ] Records [ ] Implementing [ ] Asst Executive, P&O [X] Executive Br Comments: This may be of interest to Generals Maddocks, Nichols, Schuyler and Timberman. Recommend Approval: [ ] Branch Chief Date____ [ ] Group Chief Date____ Concur: [circled] Executive, P&O [ ] Deputy Director, AE [ ] Deputy Director, P&O [ ] Director, P&O [stamp, crossed out: "CONFIDENTIAL"] Action by Major J.S. Byrne Signed [signature] Date 20 Apr 49 OCS FORM 113 REV 1 JAN 1949 [ ] Dispatch [X] File 21 APR 1949 L6-2706 [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 14"] [PAGE 15] Executive Br, P&O. Maj J. S. Byrne. 9144/eb. 20 Apr 49. MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD: 1. As a result of a number of CM IN Radios in February 1949 on "flying saucers", P&O requested ID on 24 Feb 49 to evaluate these phenomena. [continuation] 1. On 7 Mar 49 ID forwarded the attached evaluation. 2. As a result of Walter Winchell's 3 Apr 49 broadcast (summary in attached Daily Bulletin), the D/F Cmt #1 was sent to ID requesting verification of the accuracy of the broadcast. D/F Cmt #2 from ID constitutes the ID answer. 3. PID not informed. Circulate as indicated, then file in P&O. 5. COORDINATION: Asst Dep Dir P&O (AE) — Lt Col Dawley, Ext 75303; Exec, NA Br — Lt Col Clark, Ext 75676. [PAGES 16-25] [No extractable text — image-only pages][PAGE 16] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] CSGID-ID 9-350.05 SUBJECT: Evaluation Study of Phenomenon (Flying Saucers) TO: CSGPO FROM: CSGID DATE: 18 APR 1949 COMMENT NO. 2 Lt Col Ligon/5509/fnl 1. The "Evaluation Study of Phenomenon" at Inclosure 1 hereto represents the current Intelligence Division, GSUSA, evaluation of the "flying saucers." 2. With reference to paragraph 2 of Comment No. 1, CSGID recognizes the interest of defense planners in any object capable of being "shot all the way from Russia," and will continue to keep the matter under scrutiny. Any change in the evaluation contained at Inclosure No. 1 will be promptly transmitted to CSGPO. 3. CSGID is unable to verify Mr. Winchell's statement that "flying saucers * * * are now definitely known to have been guided missiles shot all the way from Russia" and has no information as to the basis for the statement or "information" on which it may have been based. It is, however, possible that Mr. Winchell published this item in an attempt to obtain some official statement from the NME on the subject. FOR THE DIRECTOR OF INTELLIGENCE: 2 Incls n/c /s/ E.J. Treacy, Jr. E. J. TREACY, JR., Lt. Col., GSC Acting Assistant Executive [handwritten, bottom right: "2/4"] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 16"] [PAGE 17] 19 APR 49 AM [circular date stamp: "IN / P&O GSUSA"] [handwritten: "J-19/638"] [round seal stamp, partly legible: "APR 19 / P&O [GSUSA]"] [Faint mirrored impression of text bleeding through from the reverse side of the sheet — not content printed on this page; illegible.] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 17"] [PAGE 18] DISPOSITION FORM SECURITY CLASSIFICATION (if any) CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] [handwritten: "1-D-4 / C-not"] FILE NO. SUBJECT P&O 350.05 (5 Apr 49) Evaluation Study of Phenomenon (Flying Saucers) TO D/ID, GSUSA FROM D/P&O, GSUSA DATE 5 Apr 49 COMMENT NO. 1 (ATTN: Mr. Stites) Lt Col Peisinger/2944 1. Reference is made to Comment No. 1 from this office, 24 February 1949, Comment No. 2 from your office, 7 March 1949, with Evaluation Study of Phenomenon, and broad- cast by Commentator Walter Winchell on 3 April 1949 re flying saucers. (See Inclosure No. 2). 2. If Mr. Winchell's statement is correct, then these flying saucers will be of tremendous interest to our National Defense planners. 3. Request that your Division verify the accuracy of Mr. Winchell's statement and obtain, if possible, the source of his information. FOR THE DIRECTOR OF PLANS AND OPERATIONS: /s/ John S. Guthrie JOHN S. GUTHRIE, Colonel, GSC Executive, P&O 2 Incls 1. Evaluation Study 2. Bulletin w/comments by Mr. Winchell re flying saucers [round date stamp, partly legible] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out] DA AGO FORM 897 Replaces WD AGO Form 897, 1 May 46, which may be used. c6-16-54901-1 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1 OCT 47 [handwritten, bottom right: "2/4"] [handwritten, bottom left: illegible] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 18"] [PAGE 19] APR 11 1949 [circular date stamp, illegible except date] [round seal stamp, partly legible: "...19... / P&O GSUSA"] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out, top right] [Faint mirrored impression of text bleeding through from the reverse side of the sheet — appears to be a mirror image of a "DA AGO FORM 897" Disposition Form and its "DO NOT REMOVE" notice; not content printed on this page; illegible.] CONFIDENTIAL [stamp, crossed out, bottom right] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 19"] [PAGE 20] BULLETIN PREPARED BY THE ANALYSIS BRANCH PUBLIC INFORMATION DIVISION - DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY * FOR DISTRIBUTION CALL Ex. 4742 4 MARCH 1949 [sic — see note on p.21: erroneously dated; should read 4 April 1949] 9:45 A.M. [handwritten: "W"] WIRE SERVICE SECTION PRAVDA SAYS STATE DEPARTMENT CONVERTED INTO BRANCH OF GENERAL STAFF MOSCOW--RUSSIA LOOSED ANOTHER BLAST AT THE ATLANTIC TREATY TODAY ONLY A FEW HOURS BEFORE IT WAS TO BE SIGNED, CHARGING THAT IT SEEKS TO INTIMIDATE STATES UNWILLING TO SUBMIT TO ANGLO-AMERICAN DICTATION. THE ATTACK APPEARED IN THE OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER PRAVDA. IT ALSO ACCUSED THE UNITED STATES OF STEPPING UP THE AMERICANIZATION OF WESTERN EUROPEAN ARMIES THROUGH A "NEW MILITARY LEND-LEASE." "THE WHOLE CONTINENTAL MILITARY SYSTEM IS BEING CONVERTED INTO AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE AMERICAN MILITARY SYSTEM UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF THE AMERICAN GENERAL STAFF," PRAVDA SAID. "THE EXPORT OF VARIOUS ARMS AND INTENSIFIED PREPARATION FOR AGGRESSION HAVE BECOME ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TASKS OF AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY. THIS TASK IS UNDER EXECUTION BY THE STATE DEPARTMENT, WHICH U.S. RULING CIRCLES TO AN INCREASING EXTENT ARE CONVERTING INTO A BRANCH OF THE GENERAL STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES.".... UP(6:59A) FRANCE WANTS TO BASE DEFENSE OF WESTERN EUROPE ON ELBE PARIS--FRANCE IS REPORTED TODAY SEEKING AMERICAN BACKING FOR A PLAN TO BASE DEFENSE OF WESTERN EUROPE ON THE ELBE RIVER INSTEAD OF THE RHINE. AUTHORITATIVE DIPLOMATIC SOURCES SAID THAT FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER ROBERT SCHUMAN WILL PUT SUCH A PLAN BEFORE U.S. OFFICIALS DURING HIS CURRENT WASHINGTON VISIT TO SIGN THE ATLANTIC PACT..... LIEUT. GEN. GEORGE REVERS, FRENCH CHIEF OF STAFF, IS REPORTEDLY A STRONG BACKER OF THE PLAN WHICH HAS AS ITS PRIMARY AIM AN EFFORT TO KEEP SOVIET TROOPS AS FAR FROM FRANCE AS POSSIBLE IN EVENT OF WAR..... ANOTHER FACTOR IN THE PLAN IS PSYCHOLOGICAL. THE FRENCH PEOPLE GENERALLY ARE SAID TO BE RESIGNED TO THE POSSIBILITY THAT SOVIET FORCES COULD OVERRUN FRANCE IF WAR SHOULD BREAK OUT SUDDENLY. IF RUSSIAN ARMIES COULD ESTABLISH A RHINE BRIDGEHEAD THIS WOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A SERIOUS BLOW TO FRENCH RESISTANCE IN A REPETITION OF THE GERMAN "BLITZKRIEG" IN 1940. FRENCH STRATEGISTS BELIEVE THAT IF THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE WERE MOVED TO THE ELBE, FRANCE WOULD PUT UP GREATER RESISTANCE. INS(4:00A) WESTERN GERMAN POST OFFICE EMPLOYES TOSSED OUT BY RUSSIANS BERLIN--BRITISH MILITARY AUTHORITIES IN BERLIN REPORTED TODAY THAT THE RUSSIANS HAVE TAKEN POSSESSION OF A POST OFFICE IN THE WEST STAAKEN AREA OF BERLIN THROWING OUT WESTERN GERMAN EMPLOYES. THE BRITISH SAID THE ACTION TOOK PLACE ON APRIL 1. WEST STAAKEN IS OFFICIALLY IN THE SOVIET SECTOR BUT IT HAS BEEN RUN BY THE WEST SINCE THE SPLIT BETWEEN EAST AND WESTERN ADMINISTRATIONS AND THE BLOCKADE. THE ACTION TAKEN BY THE RUSSIANS IS THE LATEST IN THEIR SERIES OF MOVES APPARENTLY AIMED AT TIGHTENING THEIR HOLD ON THEIR SECTOR OF THE CITY AND CRUSHING POLITICAL OPPOSITION. INS(7:03A) [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 20"] [PAGE 21] GERMAN LEADER SPEAKS IN BEHALF OF GERMAN PEACE TREATY BERLIN--JACOB KAISER, A LEADING CHRISTIAN DEMOCRAT SAID IN BERLIN TODAY THAT THE DRAFTING OF A WEST GERMAN CONSTITUTION SHOULD BE FOLLOWED BY GERMAN PEACE TREATY TALKS. KAISER, FORMER CHAIRMAN OF THE CHRISTIAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN EASTERN GERMANY AND A MEMBER OF THE BONN COUNCIL DRAFTING A CONSTITUTION FOR WESTERN GERMANY SPOKE AT THE PARTY CONVENTION IN BERLIN. HE SAID: "IT MUST BE EXPECTED OF THE OCCUPATION POWERS THAT THEY WILL BEGIN PEACE TALKS AS SOON AS THE BONN CONSTITUTION WORK IS COMPLETED." ..... KAISER SAID THAT IT IS NECESSARY "DUE TO THE TERROR EXERCISED BY THE COMMUNISTS," TO FORM A WEST GERMAN STATE AS THE FIRST STEP IN ESTABLISHING A UNITED GERMANY. INS(12:50A) SECOND SERIES OF LECTURES ON DEFENSE BEGINS TODAY FOR CIVILIANS WASHINGTON--SEVENTY-FIVE LEADERS FROM VARIOUS WALKS OF CIVILIAN LIFE TODAY BEGAN GETTING THE INSIDE WORD ON THE NATION'S DEFENSES. THE NEXT THREE DAYS, THEY WILL HEAR MILITARY AND OTHER ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS DISCUSS IN CLOSED SESSIONS WHAT IS BEING DONE TO STRENGTHEN NATIONAL DEFENSES. IT IS THE SECOND JOINT CIVILIAN ORIENTATION CONFERENCE HELD BY THE NATIONAL MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT..... UP(8:30A) ENLISTEES ASSURED OF JOB REINSTATEMENT AFTER LEAVING SERVICE WASHINGTON--A GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL TODAY ASSURED ALL YOUTHS ENLISTING IN THE ARMED FORCES THAT THEY ARE ENTITLED TO THEIR OLD JOBS WHEN THEY ARE MUSTERED OUT. ROBERT K. SALYERS, DIRECTOR OF THE LABOR DEPARTMENT'S BUREAU OF VETERANS REEMPLOYMENT RIGHTS, SAID BOTH ENLISTEES AND RESERVISTS CALLED TO ACTIVE DUTY ARE PROTECTED BY THE SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT, EVEN THOUGH THE SERVICES ARE NOT DRAFTING MEN AT PRESENT. HOWEVER, HE WARNED THOSE DISCHARGED TO SEEK REINSTATEMENT TO THEIR OLD JOBS WITHIN 90 DAYS AFTER LEAVING THE SERVICE. UP(8:35A) JOHNSON AND ROYALL TO REVIEW ARMY DAY PARADE WASHINGTON--ABOUT 10,000 MILITARY MEN WILL MARCH IN THE ARMY DAY PARADE ON WEDNESDAY. MARINES, SAILORS AND AIRMEN WILL HELP THEIR SOLDIER TEAMMATES CELEBRATE THE 1949 ARMY DAY IN GRAND STYLE. UNITS FROM EACH BRANCH OF THE SERVICE WILL JOIN TROOPS IN AN-HOUR-AND-A-HALF-LONG PARADE. PRESIDENT TRUMAN, DEFENSE SECRETARY JOHNSON, AND ARMY SECRETARY ROYALL WILL REVIEW THE MARCHERS WHO WILL PARADE ALONG CONSTITUTION AVENUE BEGINNING AT 1:30 P.M..... AP(8:47A) ARMY DAY 1949 WILL BE APRIL 6TH. THE OFFICIAL ARMY DAY FILM "PASS IN REVIEW" WILL BE SHOWN IN THE SIGNAL CORPS AUDITORIUM, 5A 1070 AT 1:45 P.M. ON FRIDAY, 1 APRIL, MONDAY, 4 APRIL, AND TUESDAY, 5 APRIL. RUNNING TIME OF THE FILM IS 11 MINUTES. THE AUDITORIUM SEATS APPROXIMATELY 300 PEOPLE AND NO TICKET OR OTHER IDENTIFICATION IS REQUIRED FOR ADMISSION. CERTAIN COPIES OF THE WIRE SERVICE BULLETIN OF 4 APRIL 1949 ARE ERRONEOUSLY DATED 4 MARCH. [faint text bleeding through from reverse side, illegible] 2 [handwritten, bottom right: "2/4"] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 21"] [PAGE 22] DAILY RADIO DIGEST #2216 Telephone Ext. 4759 H I G H L I G H T S 4 April 1949 By Saturday, Sec. Johnson already had eliminated nine commit- tees and boards of Armed Services as useless(1)*** A minority group here (Berlin) feels Russians want to call off blockade(7) Gen. Clay's report is so gloomy it probably will never be pub- lished(8)*** It (court-martial) will be another battle of the brass Army would like to keep quiet--very much(14)*** Two U.S. Senators are quietly investigating very peculiar activity of... U.S. Naval Attache in Franco Spain(15)*** Now, it is apparent occupation (of Japan) may last for years(18)*** It (reportedly suppressed report on Greece) is very embarrassing to them (State Department and the Military) (20) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE CHARLES WOOD(ABC-This Week Around the World): ...By Saturday, Johnson al- ready had eliminated nine committees and boards of the Armed Services as useless. James Forrestal had been unable to end bickering of the Services because his Office was understaffed, but on Saturday Pres. Truman signed into law a bill creating an Under Secretary of Defense, giving Johnson the strength he needed to do the job thoroughly...In 1936, Johnson became Assistant Secretary of War under Pres. Roosevelt. He proved himself a hard-working, competent administrator, plugging for preparedness at a time when such action was extremely unpopular... Johnson's appointment is looked upon by many as a political favor for services rendered. But there are few who deny his competence for the job. 3 April 49-1 DREW PEARSON(ABC): The Navy Department: Former Sec. of Defense Forrestal will be appointed a $1-a-year man and given a Navy airplane for a cruise around the world, chiefly on a vacation. While I have been crit- ical of Forrestal in the past, I think he deserves a rest, and I want to congratulate him for the fine way he has cooperated with Louis John- son, his successor. 3 April 49-2 CRITICISM WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): Evanston, Ill.--One of Hitler's top agents is now lecturing at Northwestern University. His name is Edward V. Sitler-- it rhymes with Hitler. This man, according to a signed statement from the Northwestern U campus, continues to expound his Nazi ideas and feelings. This Edward Sitler...was an American citizen. He threw his citizenship away and became a naturalized German when he started to work for Hitler in Berlin as the director of Goebbels' radio section. Atty. Gen. Tom Clark, please, in the name of all the wonderful Ameri- cans who died for the rest of us, kick this ingrate out of the country. 3 April 49-3 BERLIN ED HAAKER(NBC-News Roundup, from Berlin): Berlin's Russian-licensed press today has let loose with a verbal broadside. For the first time, Rus- sia's German-language papers are commenting on the Soviet memo on Moscow's objections to the North Atlantic pact...Such is the virulence of today's...editorials that again there is...talk over here on the possibility of the USSR quitting the U.N. Such is the virulence of these comments that there can be little doubt that the Russians see in the pact a mighty barrier to their aspirations for world domination. 3 April 49-4 ROBERT S. ALLEN(MBS): Berlin--Gen. Clay has cabled Washington not to be surprised if Russia suddenly lifts the Berlin blockade. 3 April 49-5 EFFECTS OF COUNTERBLOCKADE ED HAAKER(NBC-News Roundup, from Berlin): There is new evidence that our counterblockade is creating economic difficulties, if not economic havoc, in the Russian zone of Germany. Recently, after a trip through the Russian zone, I remarked on the dearth of activity in the Eastern zone industrial cities, and today one report that seems authentic states, in effect, that unemployment there is rising by leaps and bounds...The moot point, of course, is what effect this pinch will have on Russian reasoning. One point of view here is that it will finally force them to come to terms and lift their own blockade of Berlin; the other is that they have such little regard for the well-being of populations that it will have no effect at all. 2 April 49-6 GERMANY LYFORD MOORE(ABC-This Week Around the World, from Berlin): Marshal Sokolov- sky's successor (Gen. Chuikov)...in a quick examination,...doesn't seem to have any particularly outstanding qualities that would lead to his 3 [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 22"] [PAGE 23] 4 April 1949 being chosen as the new Military Governor of Russian Germany. Western observers here feel the switch means that from now on the real exec- utive power in the Russian occupation will be wielded by civilians. It's expected that the Soviet Union's highest civilian representative here, Ambassador W.S. (Seminov?), will be the Politburo's key man in Germany. Heretofore, he served as Sokolovsky's political adviser, but his office has gradually been given more importance, and he has taken over a number of the functions formerly exercised by Sokolovsky. Amer- ican political experts think Sokolovsky's replacement is closely tied up with the formation of an Eastern Germany Communist state. They point out that it would be decidedly advantageous to the Russians, for propaganda purposes, to have control of such a state in the hands of an ambassador rather than a military man. A minority group here feels that the Russians want to call off the blockade. These observers think Sokolovsky's recall really means the Soviets are getting out of Ger- many--the man most closely associated with a policy that failed. 3 April 49-7 DREW PEARSON(ABC): Berlin, exclusive--Gen. Clay has sent a very discourag- ing report to Washington. He says that American efforts to make the Germans more democratic have failed, almost completely, that the Ger- mans are openly talking about the need of a new leader to restore Ger- many to its former power. What is even more tragic, anti-Semitism and strong-arm tactics are on the increase. Gen. Clay's report is so gloomy it probably will never be published. 3 April 49-8 ROBERT S. ALLEN(MBS):...One of the questions being discussed in the secret Foreign Ministers' Conference in Washington is increasing industrial production in Germany...The new plan is to raise that (limitation of German output to the 1936 production) to the 1938 level--the year be- fore Hitler ran amok. France is strongly against this scheme which is being urged by U.S. military and financial interests. 3 April 49-9 H.V. KALTENBORN(NBC):...Schuman, more than Bevin or Acheson, will determine the success or failure of these (Washington) discussions. For good historic reasons France fears Germany...If we go on destroying German industrial plants because they might some time produce arms, we will prevent German and European recovery. The six billions we spent last year, and the five billions we propose to spend this year to restore Europe could easily be wasted if 50 million Germans in the heart of Europe could not become self-supporting. With all the food and mineral resources of Eastern Germany in Russian hands, Western Germany must become a strong industrial state to live. 1 April 49-10 ALLIED MILITARY GOVERNMENT WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): The State Department--Jack McCloy can have the top job at Berlin. "Chips" Bohlen is slated for Minister to Paris, the number two spot. Nobody wants to be the Ambassador to Moscow. The latest to turn it down is Ambassador Caffery, now in Paris. 3 April 49-11 DREW PEARSON(ABC): New York--A display of German-manufactured goods, many sponsored by former Nazis, will open in New York on Saturday--much worse than the music of Walter Gieseking. 3 April 49-12 WILLIAM L. SHIRER(MBS):...For the first time since before the war there will be an exhibition in this country of German industrial products. The German industrial exhibit, under the auspices of the Military Gov- ernment, opens here, in New York, Saturday. A lot of people here don't like the idea, and there may be some trouble. They say they don't object to the Germans trying to do a little honest business like everyone else, but they hate to see the Nazis coming back under our auspices. Gen. Clay has said not a Nazi will be allowed to go to New York to show his wares, but there's no doubt, either, that many of these German firms exhibiting here are run by the Nazis, either openly or secretly...This may surprise you, but your Government will support Fascist Dictator Franco at the meeting of the U.N. Assembly which opens Tuesday... 3 April 49-13 ARMY COURT-MARTIAL WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): Lt. Col. Paul T. Graves goes on trial next Tuesday at Ft. Dix. The charge is embezzlement. Many top generals will tes- tify for him. It will be another battle of the brass which the U.S. Army would like to keep quiet--very much. 3 April 49-14 CRITICISM OF NAVAL ATTACHE ROBERT S. ALLEN(MBS): Military Meddler: Two U.S. Senators are qu[ietly] 4 [handwritten, bottom right, illegible] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 23"] [PAGE 24] 4 April 1949 investigating the very peculiar activity of Capt. T.V. (Mercer?), U.S. Naval Attache in Franco Spain. Mercer is a warm admirer of the dictator and has been openly critical of U.S. policy toward Franco. According to information in the hands of the two Senators, Mercer has been acting as if he were the U.S. Ambassador in Spain. The Senators want to know how Mercer gets this way and why an officer of this type is being kept in Madrid. 3 April 49-15 BASES JOHN MECKLING(CBS-World News, from Ottawa):...To Americans, this peaceful union (Newfoundland and Labrador annexed as Canada's tenth province) means greater security of our North Atlantic flank. Two major American military bases are located in Newfoundland...And it means unchallenged access to the iron ore fields of Labrador... 1 April 49-16 U.S.-SOVIET RELATIONS DREW PEARSON(ABC): The State Department, exclusive: Just before I left Washington, I learned that Sec. of State Acheson is much more worried about the latest Russian note against the North Atlantic pact than he admits. The reason is: the American Embassy in Moscow has sent a top secret cable warning that the Russian note may be intended to pave the way for outright aggression by the Red Army. The two most likely spots marked for aggression are Iran and Finland, but the Embassy also passes along the rumor of Soviet troops moving toward Norway. The Embassy also warns that the next 60 days will be the most critical in the his- tory of our relations with Russia, for, during the period, the Embassy believes Russia is more likely to strike, than later, because the North Atlantic pact nations will not have had a chance to ratify their treaty. I'm not predicting whether the Embassy is right or wrong, but I do pre- dict that Russia will soon renounce its own defense treaty with the French--a very serious step which, according to standard diplomatic procedure, could be the forerunner of war! 3 April 49-17 OCCUPATION OF JAPAN BILL COSTELLO(CBS-World News, from Tokyo): According to well-informed ob- servers in this occupied capital, a change of far-reaching significance is taking place in occupation controls. In a nutshell it's this: that major economic planning for Japan is now being done in Washington and is being integrated with the world-wide ECA program. When the occupa- tion started, it was assumed that a peace treaty would follow within a reasonable time, and it was tacitly understood that Gen. MacArthur would run the occupation, with only general policy supervision from Washington. Now, it is apparent that the occupation may last for years. At the same time, American overseas commitments have expanded so great- ly that every dollar has to produce maximum returns. That being true, it has become hazardous to let Japan fritter away American aid as it has done for the last three years...Economic strategists, as a result of the European program, now have a yardstick with which to measure Japan's progress. Unless Japan can prove that American funds are being used wisely, then aid for Japan may be cut off. 1 April 49-18 OVERSEAS AIR BASES JOHN FOSTER DULLES(MBS-Meet the Press):...If the U.S. were to plant (bases?) for atomic bomb planes right on the Soviet frontier, I think that would be an offensive action which would almost surely start off a war. I don't think we plan to do that. LAWRENCE SPIVAK: Suppose we were to plant them in England? DULLES: I think that it's all a question of degree. I don't see any reason why there should not be air bases in England. If you turn the thing around, if the Soviet Union had atomic bomb bases on the Mexican border, we would take offense about it; we don't take offense about it if they're somewhat farther off. SPIVAK: But, with the range we have in air power today, there really isn't too much difference if some of our bases are in England, or in Africa, or in France. Certainly, if we're going to have a defensive alliance, we're going to have to have bases somewhere. DULLES: That's quite true, but in these matters there's a psychological element that comes into play. If you brandish your fist under a fellow's nose, he takes more offense about it than if you brandish your fist a little ways off. ... 1 April 49-19 GREECE ROBERT S. ALLEN(MBS): Secret Report: From time to time this program has reported a number of shocking facts about the Greek Aid Program. This is costing the American taxpayer hundreds of millions of dollars. Dis- closures about the incompetence, graft and obstructionism of the re- actionary and undemocratic Greek Government, and the incompetence and 5 [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 24"] [PAGE 25] 4 April 1949 bungling and waste of U.S. officials in Greece--these disclosures have not set well with certain high authorities in the State Department and the Pentagon Building. There has been a lot of muttering. Tonight, this program can report a complete official confirmation of these shock- ing disclosures. This official confirmation is contained in the report in the hands of the Joint Congressional Committee on the Marshall Plan ...For some unexplained reason, this report has been suppressed. Person- ally, I suspect that this suppression is due to the State Department and the Military; there is a very good reason why they would not want this report made public. It is very embarrassing to them, but I have a copy of this report, and here are a few of its many shocking charges and condemnations:...Further, that there are too many American offi- cials in Greece, and that a large percentage of them are being paid $10,000 a year in salary, plus an additional $7,000 for rents and food allowances; also, that many of these Americans are incompetent and are doing a poor job; also, that there is too much American ostentatious- ness in Greece, that many American officials are driving around in big shiny new cars and are living in a high-handed and showy manner...The report also charges that the Greek tax system is archaic, that the wealthy pay practically no taxes at all. Similarly, the report says that it is impossible for the ordinary man to get justice in the Greek courts. It is such conditions, the report declares, that are making Communists in Greece, not Russia, not the guerrillas...Here is the con- clusion of this suppressed report: "...It is impossible to win in Greece by purely military operations; nor will money, alone, buy the Greek people. Social reforms and better and more honest administration are fundamental to Greek recovery..." That is what this report that has been suppressed said. It is a despairing report because it shows that despite all that has happened the high brass in the White House, the State Department and the Pentagon have learned nothing; that despite the billions we have already spent, and the billions we are committing ourselves to spend under the North Atlantic pact, we are not winning the cold war against Russia... 3 April 49-20 SPAIN WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): The White House: The U.S. will withdraw its 1946 resolution condemning Franco at the U.N. and will resume diplomatic re- lations with Spain unless public opinion--that means you--stops it. 3 April 49-21 IRAN WILLIS CONOVER(WWDC):...If the Russians ever decided to invoke that treaty (with Iran) they could overrun the country almost without firing a shot. Loss of Iran, with its oil, would be a major blow to the Western powers. 3 April 49-22 "FLYING SAUCERS" WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): Washington--This will not be confirmed by anyone in authority in Washington at this time; but, if anybody denies it, the denier will be a liar. The "flying saucers," never explained by anyone in authority, are now definitely known to have been guided missiles shot all the way from Russia. 3 April 49-23 U.S. AIR FORCE WALTER WINCHELL(ABC): Curtiss Wright will announce tomorrow the newest airplane engine. It will give our biggest strategic bombers 2,000 miles more striking range. It is the turbo-cyclone. It can carry our long range atomic bombers around the world, without refueling--nonstop to Russia and back. 3 April 49-24 WINSTON CHURCHILL DREW PEARSON(ABC): Aboard the Queen Mary, exclusive--...I can reveal that Churchill's optimism is based on his belief that Stalin will soon die.. Churchill believes the fiercest battle (among the 13 surviving members of the Politburo) will be over control of the army and the secret po- lice. The fight over the army, he predicts, will be so violent that no Russian leader will let the Red Army go beyond Russia's borders for fear it might mingle with the outside world and be turned against Moscow. 3 April 49-25 WALTER WINCHELL(ABC):...Mr. Churchill did mention...that fights are some- times avoided because somebody dropped dead, but that is not what any fighter who wants to win can ever count on. Mathematically, of course, peace still has a chance, about the same chance that a pigeon has against the slowest jet bomber. 3 April 49-26 ATLANTIC ALLIANCE WILLIAM HILLMAN(MBS): The President (in his speech tomorrow at the signing of the Atlantic Alliance) has an opportunity to stress the self-help and mutual aid that is the foundation of this treaty... 3 April 49-[27] 6-END [handwritten, bottom left: "1 Incl / 2"] [handwritten, bottom right: "2/4"] [bottom-left: "NW 91369" / "DocId:34748466 Page 25"]